This paper analyses the different water resources development plans of the Eastern Nile Countries and formulates different scenarios by which the countries get to implement these scenarios. For each scenario, it assesses how cooperative or conflicting implementing the scenario will be, and the likelihood of attaining water-energy-food security for all riparians under the scenario.:
This paper takes its starting point in a historical account of non-state models of water management that focus on community, equity, and justice. It argues that it is necessary to expand the political parameters of water management both on the local level (small actors vs. the state) and the transboundary level (stronger state vs. weaker state) in order to push for a trans-communal model of water management that accentuates solidarities between different groups across borders, instead of inter-governmental enmities.